What stands out worked out from the figures below

Peterborough has the most affordable homes ($379k median).

Needham has grown the fastest since 2010 (+11.1%).

What matters to you?

Pick a few. We’ll pull those rows to the top and mark which town comes out ahead on each. There’s no overall score: what matters is up to you.

Raising kidsAffordabilityOwning a homeShort commuteWorking from homeYounger crowdSettled, older crowdGrowing town

Measure	Peterborough	Needham
People
Population	2,539Lowest	32,459Highest
Growth since 20102010 → 2020 census	-0.4%Lowest U.S.: +7.4%	+11.1%Highest U.S.: +7.4%
Median age	55.5±9.2Highest 43% above U.S.	43.1±1.6Lowest 11% above U.S.
Kids under 18	10.4%±4Lowest U.S.: 22%	27.5%±2.2Highest U.S.: 22%
Age 65+	35.1%±5.4Highest U.S.: 17.2%	17.7%±1.7Lowest U.S.: 17.2%
Bachelor’s degree+adults 25+	57.4%Lowest U.S.: 35.7%	81.9%Highest U.S.: 35.7%
Enrolled in collegeshare of residents	1.3%±1.2Lowest U.S.: 6.4%	5.4%±1.1Highest U.S.: 6.4%
Cost of living
Household incomemedian	$85,833±$15kLowest 6% above U.S.	$214,308±$13kHighest 165% above U.S.
Home valuemedian, owner-occupied	$379,300±$57kLowest 14% above U.S.	$1,188,500±$43kHighest 257% above U.S.
Rentmedian gross, monthly	$1,515±$290Lowest 7% above U.S.	$2,409±$183Highest 70% above U.S.
Property taxmedian, yearly	$7,422Lowest 138% above U.S.	$10,000+Highest at least 221% above U.S.
Renters paying 30%+of income on rent	36.9%±20.1Lowest U.S.: 51.1%	55.9%±8.5Highest U.S.: 51.1%
	Needham and Peterborough are within the Census margin of error here, so we can’t say which is really higher.
Below poverty line	3.2%Lowest U.S.: 12.5%	3.7%Highest U.S.: 12.5%
Housing
Homeownersof occupied homes	56.7%Lowest U.S.: 65.2%	83.1%Highest U.S.: 65.2%
Typical home builtmedian year	1954Lowest 26 yrs older than U.S.	1965Highest 15 yrs older than U.S.
Getting to work
Average commuteone way	25 minLowest 6% below U.S.	28 minHighest 5% above U.S.
Work from home	16.1%±6.4Lowest U.S.: 15.1%	32.4%±2.4Highest U.S.: 15.1%
Schools
Public school scoresrank in state, math + reading	#59 of 120 in NH	#19 of 282 in MA
On TownTapestry
Old photos in History	None yet	None yet

U.S. average · Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates 2020–2024; 2010 & 2020 decennial census; NCES Common Core of Data. “±” is the Census margin of error. Property tax is top-coded by the Census at $10,000+. School rank compares math and reading proficiency against the state average.