What stands out worked out from the figures below

Needham has the most expensive homes ($1189k median).

Gray has the most affordable homes ($364k median).

What matters to you?

Pick a few. We’ll pull those rows to the top and mark which town comes out ahead on each. There’s no overall score: what matters is up to you.

Raising kidsAffordabilityOwning a homeShort commuteWorking from homeYounger crowdSettled, older crowdGrowing town

Measure	Needham	Gray
People
Population	32,459Highest	8,429Lowest
Growth since 20102010 → 2020 census	+11.1%Highest U.S.: +7.4%	+6.5%Lowest U.S.: +7.4%
Median age	43.1±1.6Lowest 11% above U.S.	43.4±4.5Highest 12% above U.S.
	Gray and Needham are within the Census margin of error here, so we can’t say which is really higher.
Kids under 18	27.5%±2.2Highest U.S.: 22%	19%±4Lowest U.S.: 22%
Age 65+	17.7%±1.7Lowest U.S.: 17.2%	19.3%±4Highest U.S.: 17.2%
	Gray and Needham are within the Census margin of error here, so we can’t say which is really higher.
Bachelor’s degree+adults 25+	81.9%Highest U.S.: 35.7%	44.8%Lowest U.S.: 35.7%
Enrolled in collegeshare of residents	5.4%±1.1 U.S.: 6.4%	5.4%±2.2 U.S.: 6.4%
Cost of living
Household incomemedian	$214,308±$13kHighest 165% above U.S.	$95,236±$8kLowest 18% above U.S.
Home valuemedian, owner-occupied	$1,188,500±$43kHighest 257% above U.S.	$363,700±$20kLowest 9% above U.S.
Rentmedian gross, monthly	$2,409±$183Highest 70% above U.S.	$1,371±$89Lowest about the U.S. average
Property taxmedian, yearly	$10,000+Highest at least 221% above U.S.	$3,683Lowest 18% above U.S.
Renters paying 30%+of income on rent	55.9%±8.5Lowest U.S.: 51.1%	56.4%±24Highest U.S.: 51.1%
	Gray and Needham are within the Census margin of error here, so we can’t say which is really higher.
Below poverty line	3.7%Highest U.S.: 12.5%	3.5%Lowest U.S.: 12.5%
Housing
Homeownersof occupied homes	83.1%Highest U.S.: 65.2%	82.4%Lowest U.S.: 65.2%
Typical home builtmedian year	1965Lowest 15 yrs older than U.S.	1983Highest 3 yrs newer than U.S.
Getting to work
Average commuteone way	28 minLowest 5% above U.S.	29 minHighest 8% above U.S.
Work from home	32.4%±2.4Highest U.S.: 15.1%	12.3%±3.5Lowest U.S.: 15.1%
Schools
Public school scoresrank in state, math + reading	#19 of 282 in MA	#10 of 133 in ME
School district	—	RSU 15/MSAD 15 · Fiddlehead School of Arts and Sciences
High school in town	—	Gray-New Gloucester High School
Students per teacherat that high school	—	12.5
On TownTapestry
Old photos in History	None yet	None yet

U.S. average · Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates 2020–2024; 2010 & 2020 decennial census; NCES Common Core of Data. “±” is the Census margin of error. Property tax is top-coded by the Census at $10,000+. School rank compares math and reading proficiency against the state average.